Pre-trip approval for many organizations is a necessary evil. It's bureaucratic by nature. It may be the antithesis of the traveler-centric approach that's all the rage on the conference circuit. But the practice is effective for travel pros and senior managers looking to put the kibosh on journeys deemed too expensive, unworthy or unsafe.

The ultimate demand-management control, pre-trip approval appears to be no more or less prevalent than it has been for at least a decade. Over that timeframe, though, risk management and closer . . .

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